Part 7. Exodus

Part 7. Exodus

The Book of Exodus
“Exodus beyond Reality: A Quantum Perspective on Liberation”

דאַתֶּ֣ם רְאִיתֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשִׂ֖יתִי לְמִצְרָ֑יִם וָֽאֶשָּׂ֤א אֶתְכֶם֙ עַל־כַּנְפֵ֣י נְשָׁרִ֔ים וָֽאָבִ֥א אֶתְכֶ֖ם
Exodus (Shmot) 19:4:
“You have seen what I did to Egypt, and how I bore you on eagle’s wings and brought you to Myself.”

We will carefully analyze the Exodus of the Israelites from Egypt through the lens of quantum mechanics. The Exodus from Egypt (in Hebrew, Mitzrayim) will be considered not as a traditional historical event but as a quantum process of transition from a state of unfreedom (chaos) to a state of freedom (order). Using concepts from quantum mechanics, this transition can be explained through the phenomena of quantum entanglement, decoherence, and wave function collapse. This transition may not have occurred physically, but rather through a change in the state of consciousness and the perception of the interconnectedness and duality of creation.

The Israelites in Egypt were in a state of superposition: simultaneously slaves and free people, until the “measurement” event occurred — the moment when the choice for freedom was realized, and the state “collapsed” into a specific reality. Liberation from Egypt, in this case, is shown as a rupture of quantum entanglement between the Israelites and the Egyptians. This “entanglement” kept the Israelites in a system of oppression, and only by exiting this state could they become separate observers of a new reality. The Exodus represents overcoming an energy barrier similar to quantum tunneling. Despite the impossibility of escape from the perspective of ordinary logic, liberation became possible through a “tunneling” process, overcoming the limitations of the physical world. This approach suggests that the Exodus is not merely a historical event but a quantum process of change, moving from a limited state to a new paradigm of freedom. This idea can be more clearly expressed in the following words:

The Exodus is a movement from a state of quantum chaos to a state of unity in light, where reality is presented without the multitude of superpositional states. On Mount Sinai, the Israelites received a vision of creation as a unified system of absolute order. Namely, in the form of primordial light, excluding quantum fluctuations and ambiguity.

Mitzrayim (Egypt) can be viewed as a state of quantum entanglement. In Mitzrayim, there was a complete concealment of light due to the quantum characteristics of the universe. Light existed as a superposition and fluctuations, its true unity hidden. Reality was fragmented and did not allow for a holistic perception. It can be assumed that overcoming Mitzrayim leads to the revelation of holiness, i.e., the unveiling of the unified light. Also, the root “tsar” (צר) means “straits” or “constraint,” which corresponds to the idea of quantum limitation and the impossibility of expanding consciousness. Mitzrayim is a state akin to a quantum barrier, through which tunneling is required to enter a state of freedom and unity of light. Thus, Mitzrayim can be understood as a quantum state of entanglement, concealment, and limitation. A world where light and order are concealed behind multiple quantum possibilities and chaos.

From this state, it is evident that both particles are connected: measuring one instantly determines the state of the other.

Mitzrayim, in our version, is a state of quantum entanglement between the Israelites and the Egyptians. The fate of the Israelites was tightly linked to the Egyptian world order. Their limitation and oppression can be compared to particles in an entangled state, where the change of one system affects the other. In Mitzrayim, light (or) was hidden behind numerous quantum fluctuations. Reality existed in a superposition of unfreedom and potential freedom.

The true light, as the unity of creation, remained inaccessible. The root of the word “Mitzrayim” (מִצְרַיִם) corresponds to a state of quantum limitation, in which the potential for liberation is in a hidden form. Their individual “states” and actions depend on the “state” of their oppressors, much like how entangled particles depend on each other. The Exodus from Egypt can be seen as an act of breaking the entanglement: Before the Exodus, the Israelites were in a superposition of two states: slaves and free people. The Exodus itself “collapses” this superposition into a specific state — the state of freedom. In entangled systems, the measurement of one particle instantly affects the state of the other.

The Egyptian civilization, with its control and surveillance, acts as such a “measurement system” that determines the fate of the Israelites. To be liberated, it was necessary to exit this “measurement system” and create a new paradigm of observation, based on different laws. The entanglement in Mitzrayim leads to the concealment of the unified light. Light is broken into many fragments and cannot manifest in its wholeness. Only the rupture of this entanglement allows the light to be revealed in its unity (which happens on Mount Sinai). The Exodus of the Israelites is not only a physical liberation but also a process of exiting the quantum entangled state to an independent state of observers, able to perceive and interact with the world on a new level. Thus, Mitzrayim is seen as a state of quantum entanglement that must be overcome to achieve freedom and the revelation of the unity of light.

In quantum mechanics (QM), the break in quantum entanglement is possible, and this phenomenon is called decoherence. Here’s how it works and what leads to the break in quantum entanglement:

Decoherence: When an entangled system interacts with its surroundings (for example, with other particles), its coherent quantum state is destroyed. This leads to the loss of correlations between the entangled particles, and as a result, to the break in their entanglement. Decoherence makes the system classical, as the state can no longer be described as a superposition. The act of measuring one of the entangled particles fixes its state, leading to the collapse of the wave function. After measurement, the system loses its coherent quantum state, and the entanglement between the particles disappears. If the entangled particles become distinguishable by certain parameters (e.g., by energy or position), entanglement may be lost. To maintain entanglement, the particles must remain indistinguishable from the perspective of quantum states.

Energy Dissipation: Energy loss or exchange of energy with the external environment can disrupt entanglement, as the system transitions into a new, non-entangled state.
Entanglement disappears because the particles now have distinct, unconnected states. The Exodus from Egypt forms as a process of decoherence or breaking of entanglement. This break liberates the Israelites, allowing them to exist independently of the oppressed state and the reality perception imposed by Egypt. In the context of the Exodus from Egypt, decoherence — the break in quantum entanglement — can be compared to specific events described in the Torah text. Let’s look at specific moments that can be interpreted as causes of decoherence:

The Ten Plagues (Makkot) Each of the ten plagues disturbed the stability of the Egyptian system and led to a gradual “break in connection” between the Israelites and the Egyptians. Each plague enhanced the break in entanglement, destroying the Egyptian reality and the Israelites’ perception of the world. For example:

• Darkness (חֹשֶׁךְ, choshekh): The Israelites had light, while the Egyptians were in complete darkness. A division occurred between two distinct observers.
• The Death of the Firstborn (מַכַּת בְּכוֹרוֹת, makat bekhorot): The destruction of the foundation of Egyptian society, completely severing the connection.

Each plague is a kind of “interaction with the external environment” leading to decoherence and disrupting the previous entanglement.
When the plagues struck Egypt, the Israelites living in Goshen remained unharmed. This spatial and spiritual separation can be considered as the moment when the entanglement between the Israelites and the Egyptians began to break down. The division into two “systems” — the Israelites in Goshen and the Egyptians in the rest of Egypt — created the conditions for breaking the connection.

On the night of Passover, the Israelites performed a special ritual: the sacrifice of the Passover lamb. The anointing of the doorposts with blood so that the Angel of Death would pass over their homes. This act is a measurement that fixed a new state for the Israelites and finally severed their connection to the Egyptian reality. Passover became the moment of the “collapse of the wave function,” when the choice of freedom was fixed.

When the Israelites crossed the sea bed and the Egyptians perished, the connection between the two nations was finally severed. This event can be seen as the final act of decoherence, after which it is impossible to restore the original entanglement. The crossing of the Yam Suf is a transition into a new state of reality where the Israelites are no longer threatened by Egypt’s influence.

These events in the Torah text can be seen as factors that caused decoherence and the breaking of quantum entanglement between the Israelites and the Egyptians.

In the process of the Exodus, we can additionally introduce several concepts from quantum mechanics to analyze it as a quantum transition more deeply and precisely. Here are a few concepts that can enrich this understanding:

1. Quantum Barrier and Tunneling
   In quantum mechanics, quantum tunneling is the phenomenon where a particle overcomes an energy barrier that it cannot pass through according to classical physics laws. The particle has a certain probability of “leaking” through the barrier, even if its energy is less than the height of that barrier. This occurs because, in quantum mechanics, the particle has not only corpuscular properties but also wave properties. The wave function of the particle, which describes its probability of being located in space, can partially “penetrate” beyond the potential barrier. If there is a high enough probability of finding the particle on the other side of the barrier, it can “tunnel” through it.

In the context of the Exodus from Egypt, Mitzrayim (Egypt) represents an energy barrier for the Israelites. The Egyptian Empire had a powerful army, a strict social structure, and a system of oppression. Physical escape was practically impossible due to strict control and the repressive apparatus. Years of slavery created a mental state of dependence and oppression among the Israelites. This state kept their consciousness within the confines of the Egyptian reality, preventing them from imagining the possibility of freedom. Egyptian culture and idolatry created conditions in which the divine unity was concealed.

This spiritual barrier prevented the awareness of the higher reality and the connection with God. Despite the impossibility of overcoming these barriers in the usual way, the Exodus became a quantum tunneling process. The Passover ritual (the sacrifice of the lamb and the anointing of the doorposts with blood – marking certain homes) fixed this state of freedom – an act of measurement that led to the collapse of the wave function of the Israelites into a state of readiness to depart. Each of the ten plagues weakened the “height” of the energy barrier of Egypt, creating the conditions for tunneling. The miracle at the splitting of the Red Sea (Yam Suf) became the culmination of tunneling when the barrier was finally overcome, and the Israelites crossed the sea bed to freedom. As in quantum tunneling, the probability of escape was low but not zero. The presence of faith in the possibility of liberation and in following God’s commandments increased this probability. An important aspect of tunneling is that it does not happen automatically but requires certain conditions. The Israelites’ freedom of choice, their readiness to follow God’s instructions, and their belief in the possibility of the Exodus were the necessary “initiating conditions” for quantum tunneling. The fact that not all the Israelites were willing to leave confirms that overcoming the barrier depended on personal choice and the readiness to become part of the new state of reality. Mitzrayim was an energy barrier that included physical, psychological, and spiritual limitations. Quantum tunneling allowed the Israelites to overcome this barrier, despite its impossibility from the perspective of classical logic.
This process culminated in the transition of the Israelites into a new state of freedom and the giving of the Torah, which fixed their reality in unity with light and order.

The Observer Effect In quantum mechanics, the result of a measurement depends on the observer. The observer fixes a certain state of the system, causing the collapse of the wave function. Moses (Moshe) acted as the main observer who fixed the reality of liberation through his actions and prophecies. At the moment of Passover, when the Israelites performed the ritual of sacrifice and anointing the doorposts with blood, they became active observers, fixing the transition into a state of freedom.

Superposition of States Superposition is a state in which a system exists simultaneously in multiple possible states until the moment of measurement.
Before the Exodus, the Israelites existed in a superposition of two states: slaves and free people. The plagues of Egypt, followed by Passover, became the “measurement” process that led to the collapse of the superposition into the state of freedom.

Quantum Fluctuation Quantum fluctuations are temporary changes in energy in a vacuum that lead to the spontaneous appearance and disappearance of particles. In Egypt, the reality of the Israelites was unstable and chaotic, similar to quantum fluctuations. The Exodus process stabilized their state, removing chaos and leading to a more ordered system.

Quantum Decoherence Decoherence is the process of losing quantum coherence due to interaction with the external environment, leading to the destruction of superposition and entanglement.
Decoherence occurred through the series of plagues that destroyed the connection between the Israelites and the Egyptians, finally separating their realities.

Entropy and Order Entropy in a quantum system characterizes the degree of disorder. A decrease in entropy leads to a more ordered system. Egypt represented a state of high entropy (chaos and oppression). The Exodus reduced the entropy, establishing a new order, which was confirmed by the giving of the Torah at Sinai.

The introduction of all these concepts from quantum mechanics allows us to view the Exodus as a multi-layered quantum process:
Quantum entanglement explains the connection between the Israelites and Egypt. Decoherence shows how this connection was destroyed through interaction with external events (the plagues, Passover). The observer effect emphasizes the role of Moses and the people in fixing the new state. Quantum tunneling explains how the barrier of impossibility was overcome.
The collapse of the wave function led to the fixing of the state of freedom.

To explain the destruction of the energy barrier during the Plague of Darkness (חֹשֶׁךְ, choshekh) through the lens of quantum mechanics, let’s delve into the physical aspects of this phenomenon, based on the concepts of light, energy, and quantum barriers.

1. The Physical Nature of Darkness
   The darkness in Egypt was not simply the absence of light. The Torah says, “And there was a thick darkness over all the land of Egypt for three days. They did not see one another, and no one rose from his place for three days; but all the children of Israel had light in their dwellings.” (Exodus 10:22-23) This darkness was palpable and paralyzing, which distinguishes it from ordinary darkness. Physically, this can be represented as follows: complete absorption of light — light is neither reflected nor emitted. The quantum effect of blocking photons, where light particles (photons) cannot move freely. Destabilization of electromagnetic fields, leading to the suppression of light waves.

In the context of Egypt, we can view the energy barrier as the condition under which light was blocked or suppressed. The Egyptian darkness became a barrier for photons, disrupting their normal propagation. This barrier limited the ability of the Egyptians to perceive and interact with the world, creating a state of total isolation and paralysis. From the perspective of quantum mechanics, light (photons) has a dual nature — it is both a particle and a wave. If light is “locked” or its propagation disrupted, this can be described as the quantum collapse of the light’s wave function, which loses its ability to move freely and “collapses” into a state of darkness. This also represents the energy blocking of photons — photons cannot overcome the barrier created at the quantum level.

When the Darkness spread across Egypt, a process occurred analogous to decoherence. The Egyptian system was in a state of high coherence, maintaining a stable order of oppression. The darkness introduced chaos and disrupted this state, much like how interaction with the external environment destroys quantum coherence. The Egyptians ceased to see one another and the world around them. In quantum terms, this is analogous to the break in quantum entanglement, as the observers lost the ability to influence each other’s state. The darkness caused the Egyptian system to “collapse” from an organized state into chaos.

Decreased Entropy Among the Israelites: While the Egyptians descended into chaos, the Israelites retained the light — their system remained stable and ordered. If we consider the Egyptian Darkness as a phenomenon related to the slowing down or blocking of photons, it can be explained by the following effects. A photon cannot move freely due to the influence of external fields. This results in the localized state of light, which physically manifests as darkness. Just as light slows down when passing through a dense medium (such as water or glass), we can imagine that Egypt experienced a catastrophic “freezing” of light.

Darkness can be seen as a barrier that the Egyptians could not overcome, while the Israelites remained free from this barrier. The Israelites retained the light and, thus, “tunneled” through the barrier of darkness, continuing to exist in the reality of light. The Egyptians remained “locked” in the barrier of darkness, symbolizing their inability to undergo a quantum transition. The Plague of Darkness in Egypt was the destruction of the energy barrier through quantum processes. Complete suppression of light at the quantum level. The break in quantum entanglement between the Egyptians and the Israelites.

Each of the ten plagues of Egypt (Makot) can be examined through the lens of quantum mechanics, linking them to processes such as quantum entanglement, decoherence, quantum barriers, and tunneling. Each plague dismantled the Egyptian energy barrier and contributed to the liberation of the Israelites.

1. Blood (דָם, dam) – The transformation of water into blood. The waters of the Nile turned into blood, making it undrinkable and unsuitable for everyday use. Quantum interpretation: The breaking of fundamental entanglement. Water symbolizes the life force of Egypt. The transformation of water into blood disrupted the life flow and fundamental connections, similar to the destruction of quantum coherence. The Egyptian ecosystem shifted into a chaotic state, which can be viewed as the collapse of the wave function of life order.
2. Frogs (צְפַרְדֵּעַ, tzfardea) – Frogs overran Egypt, invading all aspects of life. Quantum interpretation: Quantum fluctuation of chaos. The frogs became a physical manifestation of quantum chaos, disrupting the order and stability of Egyptian society. Observer effect – The Egyptians, encountering this invasion, fixated their consciousness in a state of helplessness and fear, enhancing decoherence.
3. Lice (כִּנִּים, kinim) – The dust of the earth turned into lice, causing physical suffering. Quantum interpretation: Decoherence on the microscopic level. This plague symbolizes a disruption of structure on the microscopic and quantum levels, dismantling the Egyptian perception of order and cleanliness. The Egyptians encountered an insurmountable barrier as the elemental particles of dust “collapsed” into lice.
4. Flies (עָרוֹב, arov) – Swarms of flies filled the homes and land of Egypt. Quantum interpretation: Entropic chaos. The flies increased the entropy of the system, introducing chaos into the organized order of Egypt. The disruption of quantum coherence. Constant interaction with the flies destabilized the Egyptians’ familiar reality, breaking their perception system.
5. Livestock Disease (דֶּבֶר, dever) – All the livestock of the Egyptians perished, but the livestock of the Israelites remained unharmed. Quantum interpretation: The breaking of quantum entanglement. This plague finally separated the states of the Egyptians and the Israelites. Their realities were no longer connected. The destruction of the connection between the Egyptian economy and the natural environment disrupted economic and social stability.
6. Boils (שְׁחִין, shechin) – The Egyptians and their priests were covered in boils and sores. Quantum interpretation: Quantum instability at the biological level. The boils symbolize the destabilization of the physical body, similar to how decoherence destroys the stability of a quantum system. The disruption of the integrity of the observers: The Egyptians, as “observers,” lost their ability to fix a stable order.
7. Hail (בָּרָד, barad) – Hail destroyed the crops and the harvests, mixing with fire. Quantum interpretation: Energy collapse. Hail and fire symbolize the collision of opposite energy states, leading to the collapse of the system. Quantum superposition: The mixture of ice and fire symbolizes an impossible superposition of states, which destroys the system’s stability.
8. Locusts (אַרְבֶּה, arbeh) – Locusts devoured everything that remained after the hail. Quantum interpretation: Entropic destruction. The locusts completely destroyed the remnants of order, driving the system to maximum entropy. Decoherence of the economic system: The Egyptian economy was finally destabilized, corresponding to the loss of coherence in the quantum system.
9. Darkness (חֹשֶׁךְ, choshech) – A complete, palpable darkness enveloped the Egyptians for three days. Quantum interpretation: Photon blockade. Light was suppressed on the quantum level, which can be viewed as an energy barrier for photons. The breaking of quantum entanglement: The Egyptians found themselves in an isolated state, while the Israelites retained light. This was the final severing of the connection between the two peoples.
10. Death of the Firstborn (מַכַּת בְּכוֹרוֹת, makat bekhorot) – All the firstborn of Egypt perished, including the Pharaoh’s heirs. Quantum interpretation: Collapse of the system at a critical point. This plague destroyed the fundamental structure of Egyptian society, leading to the final collapse of the system of oppression. Fixation of a new state: This act firmly established the state of freedom for the Israelites and destroyed the Egyptian reality.

The Crossing of the Sea

Text from the Torah:
“And Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and the Lord drove the sea back with a strong east wind all that night, and made the sea into dry land, and the waters were divided. And the children of Israel went into the midst of the sea on dry ground, and the waters were a wall to them on their right hand and on their left” (Exodus 14:21-22)
“And the waters returned and covered the chariots and the horsemen… not one of them remained” (Exodus 14:28)

The Exodus of the Israelites from Egypt can be viewed as a moment of singularity in both the spiritual and historical reality. Here are several aspects of this application:

The event of crossing the sea became the point where the familiar Egyptian reality “collapsed” into chaos. It was the moment when all the laws of ordinary logic ceased to function. Much like a physical singularity, the moment of crossing involved a leap from one state of reality to another—from slavery and chaos to freedom and order. Egypt and the Israelites were entangled on both spiritual and social levels. Their separation can be viewed as a moment of singularity, when the old system collapsed and a new reality began. This rupture was irreversible, much like crossing the event horizon of a black hole.

The Revelation at Sinai became a moment of spiritual singularity, where the Jewish people gained access to a new system of laws and reality. At this moment, the familiar structures of perception were destroyed, and a transition occurred to the perception of the unity of light and divine order. The Exodus was the moment when the Jewish people passed through a state of infinite chaos and uncertainty and were “reformatted” for their mission as a people who received the Torah.

Each plague destroyed elements of the Egyptian order, bringing the system closer to the point of complete collapse. Darkness (חֹשֶׁךְ, choshech) and the death of the firstborn (מַכַּת בְּכוֹרוֹת, makat bekhorot) became the final stages, driving the Egyptian reality to a state of “infinite chaos.” The Red Sea became the point where all connections were severed, and the Egyptian reality “collapsed” into a state of singularity, destroying the pursuers.

Thus:
The Exodus from Egypt is a process that reached singularity at several key points:

• The Egyptian plagues—approaching singularity through the destruction of stability.
• The crossing of the Red Sea—a moment when the old reality collapsed, and a new one began.
• The giving of the Torah—a new singularity that sets new laws and the order of the universe.

This allows the Exodus to be viewed as something more than just a historical event—it is a quantum and spiritual transition through a singularity into a new reality.

1. Reality at Sinai: The Oneness of Light

On Mount Sinai, the Jews saw the universe in its unity and wholeness—as pure light, not concealed by any quantum fluctuations or ambiguity. At this moment, they experienced a state of complete revelation of the Divine order. Quantum limitations associated with perceiving reality through multiple probabilities were removed. This was a state of perfect observation, where there was no uncertainty or need for intermediaries to perceive the light.
However, the perception of this light was limited by their level of spiritual consciousness. Although the Jews saw reality in its true form at Sinai, their human nature and the limitations of their perception prevented them from maintaining this state. The human mind cannot stay for long in a state of absolute perception of light without a quantum “grid” of filters and interpretations. Their consciousness required the fixation of reality in more comprehensible, material forms.
When Moses (Moshe) delayed on Mount Sinai, the people fell into a state of spiritual uncertainty and fear. Without Moses as a stable observer, their perception of light became shaky, and they attempted to create a material symbol to fix their reality. The worship of the Golden Calf was an attempt to return to a material, understandable model of reality. In quantum terms, this signifies a rejection of perfect observation. Holding reality without “grids” requires constant spiritual work and a higher level of consciousness.
The people chose a simpler, fixed system of observation, symbolized by the Golden Calf. The Golden Calf became a false observer, fixing reality in a limited, material state. This returned their perception to a state of multiplicity and quantum uncertainty, where light was concealed behind material forms. This episode showed that even after the revelation at Sinai, human nature requires constant work to maintain a connection with the Divine light. It became a lesson in the need for inner discipline and spiritual growth.
This incident was a kind of test of the stability of perception of light without intermediaries. The people needed to understand that material symbols do not replace direct perception of the light. The worship of the Golden Calf occurred because, after seeing reality in its pure light at Sinai, the people could not maintain this state due to their human nature and limited consciousness. This episode is a return to quantum uncertainty and material filters of perception and highlights the need for spiritual work to maintain a connection with the Divine light. Thus, this event underscores the importance of constant spiritual observation and choice in the process of perceiving reality, to maintain a connection with the higher order.

The Revelation at Sinai and the Mark of the Light

The revelation at Sinai left an imprint on the collective Jewish soul but did not replace the freedom of choice. This revelation, like a beacon, provided the direction for correct movement. The giving of the Torah at Sinai was the moment of complete revelation of reality in its absolute wholeness. The Golden Calf, however, represents a return to a binary system of values, but with an indelible mark left on the people for life. This beacon set the vector for proper movement. It fixed the ideal of the unity of light and divine order. It became a reference point to which one could always return, despite possible mistakes and deviations.

Even after such a powerful revelation at Sinai, the Jewish people were left with the freedom of choice: the possibility to follow the Divine light and the possibility to deviate from it and return to material symbols. Freedom of choice allows the people to “collapse” their state into one reality or another. The choice of the Golden Calf became a collapse into a state of spiritual downfall and a return to limited perception. The Golden Calf was not just a sin; it was a return with a mark.

After Sinai, the Jewish people could no longer completely lose their connection with the Divine light. Even at the moment of worshiping the Golden Calf, a “mark” of Sinai’s revelation remained in their soul. Worshiping the Golden Calf was an attempt to return to a simpler, material perception of reality. But this return was already “marked” by the memory of Sinai’s light. The people could not perceive the idol as they had before the Sinai revelation. This return can be seen as an act of decoherence—the loss of connection with the Divine order. However, because of the “mark” of Sinai, the possibility of teshuva (repentance) and returning to the path of light remained. This episode was not a final fall, but a temporary and necessary glitch in the process of spiritual growth. The Sinai beacon continued to shine, allowing the people to return to the right path.

“For a righteous man falls seven times and rises again” (Proverbs 24:16) — even a fall becomes part of the movement forward.

Thus, the revelation at Sinai left in the Jewish soul the vector of correct movement and an indelible mark of light. Freedom of choice allowed the people to deviate, but this deviation was a temporary return to an old perception, “marked” by the memory of Sinai. The Golden Calf became the manifestation of this return, but because of the “mark” of Sinai’s light, the people had the opportunity to correct themselves and return to the path of the Divine order. This process illustrates the dynamics of spiritual growth and quantum choice, where even mistakes become steps toward a deeper understanding of light and reality.

Possible Variations of the “Mark”

If at Sinai there was the revelation of light in its absolute oneness, leaving a “mark” on the Jewish soul, then indeed, in order to preserve this “mark” or connection to the wave function of the Divine light, a physical change in the structure of the Jews may have been required. Let us explore this idea, relying on concepts from quantum mechanics, genetics, and spiritual teachings.

In quantum mechanics, information can be preserved in the form of quantum states or marks. If the revelation at Sinai was a quantum event, then for its preservation in the physical world, a physical structure capable of fixing and storing quantum information, and a mechanism for maintaining the coherence of this information over generations, would be necessary.

What physical changes could have theoretically occurred?

• Genetic Mark: At the genetic level, the Jewish people may have had a specific genetic sequence fixed, symbolizing or storing the connection to the Divine light. This could manifest as a genetic predisposition toward spiritual seeking, perception of the Torah, and a desire for Divine order.
• Epigenetic Record: Epigenetics studies changes in gene activity that can be passed down without altering the DNA sequence. The revelation at Sinai may have left an epigenetic mark that activates certain spiritual qualities in the Jews.
• Quantum Biological Processes: Certain quantum processes at the level of neurons or molecules might have been altered to create the ability to perceive Divine light and preserve this information. For example, processes in DNA molecules or in the microtubules of neurons could have been modified to stably store quantum information.
• Physical Changes in Perception of Reality: In order to maintain the connection to the oneness of light, the Jews might have been given a special ability to perceive reality—a dual perception of the world. Specifically, the ability to perceive the world both as material reality (with multiplicity and chaos) and as Divine reality (with oneness, light, and order). The Jews may have received the ability to make conscious choices, fixing reality according to the Divine order. This corresponds to the concept of bechirah chofshit (free choice), which is central to the Jewish worldview.

At Sinai, a change might have occurred that strengthened the connection between the spiritual essence (soul) and the physical body of the Jews. This would have allowed the body to be a better “conductor” of Divine light. To preserve the mark of light, it is necessary to maintain coherence between the spiritual and physical aspects of life. The commandments (mitzvot) serve as a mechanism to maintain this coherence.

An interesting example of a physical change could be brit milah (circumcision): A physical mark on the body of a Jew, symbolizing the covenant with God. This ritual could be a manifestation of the idea that to preserve the spiritual connection, a physical transformation is required. The physical mark, as a symbol of identity, is an indelible mark on the body, serving as a constant reminder. “And again, you shall circumcise the sons of Israel a second time… all who were born in the wilderness… were not circumcised” (Joshua 5:2-5).
Commentators explain that during the 40 years of wandering in the desert, circumcision was not performed due to the danger to life. The people were constantly on the move, and circumcision could have caused complications. Moreover, their health was maintained supernaturally through the Clouds of Glory and the manna, which made their physical condition unique. Circumcision was commanded to Abraham and reinstated before the Exodus. Mass circumcision only occurred after entering the Land of Israel under Joshua bin Nun. Thus, this is further evidence that the Jews did not cross the desert physically. God commanded the Jews to circumcise before the Exodus and after entering Israel. Before the Exodus from Egypt, God commanded the Jews to perform circumcision in order to partake in the Paschal sacrifice (Korban Pesach): “And if a foreigner shall sojourn with you and wants to observe the Passover to the Lord, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and observe it; and he shall be as a native of the land…” (Exodus 12:48).

Before leaving Egypt and starting their journey to freedom, the Jews had to affirm their connection to the Covenant of Abraham. This circumcision became an act of “wave function collapse,” fixing their state as liberated people ready to accept the Divine order. In the desert, the Jews did not perform circumcision for 40 years: “All who were born in the wilderness… were not circumcised” (Yehoshua 5:5). A possible reason for this is non-physical movement. If the journey through the desert was a quantum or spiritual process, the need for physical circumcision might have been absent. Their bodies and physical reality may have been in a state of coherence, maintained by Divine will, which excluded physical changes and wear. The Clouds of Glory (אנני הכבוד) kept them in an ideal state. If their bodies did not undergo physical aging or wear, then circumcision, as a physical act, could have been postponed.

After 40 years of wandering, upon entering the Land of Israel, God again commands a mass circumcision: “Today I have rolled away the disgrace of Egypt from you” (Yehoshua 5:9). This is a fixation in a new reality. Entering the Land of Israel was the moment of collapse of their spiritual state into a new physical reality. Their spiritual journey through the desert was complete, and they entered a new state of being, requiring physical fixation through circumcision. During their wanderings in the desert, the Jews could have been in a state of superposition between physical and spiritual realities. Their transition was more of a spiritual or quantum movement than physical travel through geographical space.

What is Israel from the perspective of QM?

Looking at Israel through the lens of quantum mechanics, we can see deep parallels between this concept and key quantum ideas. Israel is not just a people, a country, or a geographical unit, but a spiritual system functioning within unique quantum processes.

In quantum mechanics, the observer plays a critical role: they fix the state of the system, causing the collapse of the wave function from a multitude of possible states into one specific one. Israel is the people who, according to the Torah, were chosen to observe and fix the Divine order in the world. Their role is to fix reality based on the monotheistic vision and ethical principles given at Sinai. The actions of Israel as observers lead to the collapse of spiritual uncertainty into a specific state of order, morality, and meaning. “You are My witnesses,” says the Lord… (Yeshayahu 43:10) — Israel’s role as the witness of God in the world is analogous to the role of the quantum observer, fixing reality. Quantum entanglement is a phenomenon where particles remain interconnected, even if separated in space. All Jews are deeply interconnected with each other, regardless of geographical location. This corresponds to the idea of quantum entanglement. The actions of one Jew can influence the state of the entire nation, just as measuring one particle influences the entangled particle. “All of Israel are responsible for one another” (Kolel Yisrael arevim zeh bazeh). This saying of the sages illustrates the idea of interconnection, similar to quantum entanglement.

Superposition is a state in which a system is simultaneously in multiple possible states until measured. Israel constantly exists in a state of spiritual superposition – the possibility of following the Divine commandments and ethical path, as well as the possibility of deviating from this path. Every choice “collapses” their state into one of these realities. Israel, as a nation, balances between different states: Earthly and spiritual, Exile and return, Chaos and order.

Singularity is a moment in which the usual laws of physics cease to apply, and a transition into a new state occurs. The Sinai Revelation as a singularity — on Mount Sinai, an event took place where the laws of spiritual and physical reality were changed. Israel became the point through which Divine revelation entered the world, creating a new reality based on the laws of the Torah. Every time the Jewish people return to their land, a spiritual singularity occurs — a transition from a state of scattering and chaos to a state of gathering and order.

Quantum fluctuations are temporary changes in energy in a vacuum, leading to the appearance and disappearance of particles. The history of Israel is full of fluctuations: periods of exile and return, destruction and restoration. These fluctuations create conditions for constant renewal and spiritual growth.

In the Midrashim, it is mentioned that when crossing the desert, the people’s shoes did not wear out, and their clothing did not become tattered. In my view, this simply emphasizes that no physical actions of movement were performed, or these actions were limited. The Exodus may have been entirely or partially quantum (we will explore this assumption further below). Let’s analyze this through quantum concepts. In the physical world, any movement is associated with friction, wear, and aging of materials. However, in the case of the Jews in the desert, their clothing did not wear out, and their shoes did not deteriorate.

These phenomena contradict the laws of physics and thermodynamics. This may suggest that the movement of the Jews was not within the framework of ordinary physical reality. If the journey through the desert was a quantum process, then the system (the people of Israel) could have maintained its state without changes. In quantum mechanics, there are states that can remain stable and not undergo changes under certain conditions. In the case of quantum movement, there might have been no interactions with the physical environment (such as friction with the sand), which explains why the clothing and shoes did not wear out.

The people could have been in a state of superposition, where their movement was not linear in time and space, but in multiple probabilistic states simultaneously. This excludes physical wear. If the movement of the Jews through the desert was quantum tunneling, they could have “passed” through space and time, bypassing physical processes such as wear on clothing or shoes. Tunneling suggests that the system overcomes a barrier without physical contact with it. In normal physical reality, systems are subject to decoherence due to interactions with the surrounding environment (friction, wear). If the Jews maintained quantum coherence during their transition, it allowed them to avoid decoherence and, consequently, the wear and tear of clothing and shoes.

According to the Midrashim, God supported the Jews in the desert, creating conditions that went beyond the boundaries of physical reality. In a quantum sense, this could mean maintaining a stable quantum state throughout the journey. In both relativity theory and quantum mechanics, time can slow down or stretch depending on the conditions. If the movement of the Jews occurred in a distorted time continuum, less time could have passed for them than for the outside world. The movement could have occurred in a non-physical space where the usual laws of physics do not apply. This explains why their material belongings did not wear out. The journey through the desert was less of a physical movement and more of a spiritual process of transformation.

The people of Israel were not moving in a geographical sense but in spiritual dimensions, drawing closer to the Divine order. “I led you forty years in the wilderness, and your clothes did not wear out on you, and your sandals did not wear out on your feet” (Devarim 29:4). This quote emphasizes that the journey was miraculous and beyond the boundaries of physical reality. Thus, the Midrash that the shoes and clothes of the Jews did not wear out during the desert journey indeed may point to the fact that the movement was quantum, rather than physical. Israel maintained a quantum state, without undergoing physical wear.

Divine support created conditions for maintaining coherence and excluding interaction with the physical environment. This approach deepens the understanding of the Exodus as a process in which the spiritual dimension and quantum reality merged, creating a unique experience for the Jewish people. The Midrash Rabba on the Book of Devarim (Deuteronomy) expands on this description, emphasizing that the clothing grew along with the children, providing comfort and protection throughout the journey. Additionally, the Midrash points out that the Clouds of Glory (אענני הכבוד) not only guided and protected the people but also purified their clothes, keeping them in perfect condition.

These descriptions emphasize the supernatural nature of the journey through the desert, where the material laws of nature were altered to ensure the comfort and well-being of the Jewish people. Thus, the Midrashim provide a more detailed understanding of how Divine intervention manifested in the daily life of the Israelites during their wanderings.

Let us delve deeper into the hypothesis that some of the events described in the Torah regarding the Exodus of the Jews from Egypt can be divided into two parts: those that occurred physically and those that happened illusionarily (explained by quantum forms of matter). If this is the case, how should we distinguish these texts in the Torah? If we view the Exodus from Egypt as a process containing both physical and quantum-illusory elements, then the task arises to categorize the descriptions in the Torah into two categories:

Combining Physical and Quantum Realities

1. Physical Reality and Historical Process The Jews lived in Egypt, worked, created families, and suffered under oppression. The migration began at a specific moment when the Jews left their homes and set out into the desert. Under the leadership of Yehoshua ben Nun, the Jews entered Canaan, conquered the land, and began to live there. These events occurred within the framework of linear time and material space.
2. Quantum Processes as a “Superstructure” to Physical Reality Throughout the process of the physical Exodus, phenomena occurred that can be explained through quantum processes. The ten plagues, the parting of the Red Sea, and the manna from heaven transcend the laws of nature and can be understood as collapses of wave functions or quantum tunneling. The clothes did not wear out, the shoes did not get damaged, and the clouds of glory protected the people. This points to non-physical quantum states supporting the Jews during their wanderings. The giving of the Torah was a moment when the Jews experienced reality in its absolute unity, without quantum uncertainty.

Thus, quantum processes do not negate physical movement, but complement and explain the miracles and supernatural events that accompanied the Exodus.

How to Combine the Physical and Quantum Transition?

The Exodus was not only a movement from one geographical point to another but also a spiritual-quantum journey in which the people changed their perception of reality and established a connection with the Divine order. This approach allows us to preserve historical truth while also explaining the supernatural elements of the Exodus through quantum mechanics. So, can we trace both the physical path and its parallel quantum aspects? Yes, we can trace the physical path of the Exodus from Egypt and simultaneously analyze the quantum aspects that accompany this path. These two realities—the physical and the quantum-spiritual—develop simultaneously, intertwining and interacting with each other. Let’s consider how this can be done, step by step.

The Physical Path of the Exodus and Parallel Quantum Processes

1. Slavery in Egypt
   • Physical Aspect: The Jews live in the land of Goshen, subjected to harsh slavery and oppression. They worked on the construction of the cities of Pithom and Ramses.
   • Quantum Aspect: Quantum entanglement between the Jews and the Egyptian system of oppression. Their spiritual and physical identities are intertwined with Egyptian reality, creating a state of uncertainty and limitation.
2. The Plagues of Moses and Negotiations with Pharaoh
   • Physical Aspect: Moses and Aaron physically come to Pharaoh demanding the release of the people. Pharaoh refuses, increasing pressure on the Jews.
   • Quantum Aspect: The decoherence of the system begins: Moses’ demand disrupts the stability of Egyptian reality. Pharaoh’s physical refusal leads to a spiritual rupture and prepares the way for miraculous manifestations.
3. The Ten Plagues of Egypt
   • Physical Aspect: Real disasters strike Egypt: water turns to blood, plagues of frogs, lice, livestock diseases, hail, etc.
   • Quantum Aspect: Decoherence and destruction of the Egyptian system at different levels. Each plague represents a collapse of the wave function, bringing the Jews closer to liberation and severing the quantum entanglement with Egypt.
4. The Exodus from Egypt
   • Physical Aspect: The Jews physically leave Egypt and head toward the desert.
   • Quantum Aspect: Collapse of reality: the transition from slavery to freedom. The acceptance of a new vector toward Divine light and order.
5. Crossing the Red Sea (Yam Suf)
   • Physical Aspect: The waters part, the Jews walk on dry land, and the Egyptian army drowns.
   • Quantum Aspect: Quantum tunneling: the Jews overcome a physically insurmountable barrier. Singularity: the moment when physical reality is transformed through Divine intervention.
6. 40 Years of Wandering in the Desert
   • Physical Aspect: The journey through the desert from Mount Sinai to the borders of the Land of Israel.
   • Quantum Aspect: Non-physical movement: Clothes do not wear out, shoes do not get damaged. The people are in a state of quantum coherence, supported by Divine light (manna, clouds of glory).
7. The Revelation at Sinai
   • Physical Aspect: The gathering of the people at the foot of Mount Sinai to receive the Torah.
   • Quantum Aspect: Collapse of the wave function: the fixing of reality in a state of unity with Divine light. Singularity of perception: the Jews see the universe in its absolute wholeness.
8. Entering the Land of Israel
   • Physical Aspect: Under the leadership of Yehoshua ben Nun, the Jews cross the Jordan and begin the conquest of Canaan.
   • Quantum Aspect: The establishment of a new state of freedom and Divine order. Decoherence of the old state of slavery and chaos, the final rupture with Egyptian reality.

Graphical Visualization of Parallel Processes

To better understand these processes, we can represent them as parallel lines:

Physical Path: Egypt → Exodus → Red Sea → Desert → Sinai → Land of Israel
Quantum Path: Entanglement → Decoherence → Tunneling → Coherence → Collapse → Freedom

Thus, the physical and quantum paths of the Exodus from Egypt occur parallel to each other, interacting and complementing each other. The physical events record movement in time and space. Quantum processes partially explain the miracles, spiritual transformations, and changes in reality. This approach allows us to view the Exodus as a complex process, encompassing both physical liberation and a spiritual-quantum transformation, leading to unity with the Divine order.

The Ark

It is written in the oral texts of the Torah that the Ark, which contained the tablets, was in a space called the Holy of Holies (קֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים). However, its dimensions were larger than the size of the room in which the Ark was kept. The Talmud states that the Ark of the Covenant (ארון הברית), which contained the tablets, was in the Holy of Holies in the Temple and had a remarkable property: despite having defined and measurable dimensions, it did not occupy space within the Holy of Holies. This assertion is based on the tractates Megillah 10b and Yoma 21a: “The place of the Ark did not take up space” (מקום ארון אינו מן המדה). This paradox implies that while the Ark’s dimensions were specific (2.5 cubits in length, 1.5 cubits in width, and 1.5 cubits in height—approximately 1.2 m × 0.7 m × 0.7 m), it existed within a room of limited size, yet the space remained undisturbed. From the traditional Jewish perspective, this phenomenon is seen as a miracle demonstrating the unlimited Divine reality that transcends physical limitations.

The Holy of Holies is the place of the maximum Divine presence (שְׁכִינָה), where the laws of nature were suspended or altered. If we view this phenomenon through the lens of quantum mechanics, it resonates with several interesting concepts: the Ark may exist in a state where it simultaneously both occupies and does not occupy space. Its position could be “smeared” in a quantum sense, allowing it to exist without a fixed volume. Just like particles at the quantum level, the exact coordinates of the Ark may have been uncertain, enabling it to not occupy a specific space. Much like the collapse of the wave function, when no one entered the Holy of Holies (except for the High Priest once a year on Yom Kippur), the Ark existed in a state of uncertainty. Only the act of observation could “fix” its spatial position. The Ark could possess properties similar to a singularity, where mass and volume do not obey the usual laws of physics. This phenomenon symbolizes that God is not confined by physical boundaries and natural laws. In the Holy of Holies, the material world and spiritual reality converge, demonstrating that the truth of the Torah surpasses the limits of human understanding. The Ark, containing the tablets, is a bearer of Divine wisdom and law, transcending our world and our perception of space. In the Holy of Holies, the material world and spiritual reality merge, showing that the truth of the Torah exceeds human comprehension.

Just as an electron in an atom is “smeared” around the nucleus, the Ark could be “smeared” in the space of the Holy of Holies, not fixed in one place. Like in the double-slit experiment, where a particle passes through both slits simultaneously until the moment of observation, the Ark could exist in multiple states until the act of measurement (the entry of the High Priest). Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle states that it is impossible to simultaneously measure the exact position and momentum of a particle. The exact coordinates of the Ark could have been uncertain, allowing it to not occupy a fixed volume. Until its position is measured, the Ark could exist in a state of uncertainty. In this state, the Ark would not conflict with the dimensions of the Holy of Holies, even if its size exceeded the room’s dimensions. Just like an electron, whose position cannot be determined with absolute precision, the Ark could “glide” through space, remaining elusive within our three-dimensional understanding.

At the moment of measurement or observation, the quantum system “chooses” one of the possible states—the wave function collapses. While no one had entered the Holy of Holies, the Ark remained in a state of uncertainty or superposition of states. When the High Priest entered the Holy of Holies on Yom Kippur, the act of his presence and observation caused the wave function of the Ark to collapse. The Ark assumed a fixed position in space, but only for the duration of the observation. Much like in Schrödinger’s cat experiment, where the state remains uncertain until the moment the box is opened, the Ark “fixes” itself only upon the High Priest’s entry. The Ark in the Holy of Holies may possess properties similar to a singularity, where its mass and volume do not conform to ordinary laws of physics. Just like at the center of a black hole, where space-time is distorted to infinity, the Ark existed beyond normal spatial constraints.

Just as in Einstein’s theory of relativity, gravity can bend space-time, creating the illusion of altered dimensions, in the Holy of Holies—as the place of maximum Divine presence—there could have been a region where space was warped in such a way that the Ark physically fit, despite its size. This could be compared to the effect of gravitational lensing. Light bends around massive objects, creating visual distortions. In string theory, it is proposed that additional dimensions exist, curled up at small scales. Perhaps the Ark partially existed in these extra dimensions, which allowed it not to fully occupy the three-dimensional space of the Holy of Holies. Its dimensions could have been “split” between the visible and the invisible dimensions. This approach demonstrates that the Divine reality and spiritual laws can transcend the usual physical limitations, uniting the material and spiritual dimensions.

The Tablets

Let us examine the Tablets of the Covenant, given to Moses on Mount Sinai, through the lens of quantum mechanics (QM). This will help to gain a deeper understanding of their symbolism and nature from the perspective of quantum processes and spiritual reality.

1. Duality of the Tablets: Wave and Particle

The Tablets of the Covenant can be considered as an object possessing a dual nature, similar to the wave-particle duality in quantum mechanics:

• Material form (particle): Physically, the tablets were made of stone and contained inscribed letters (Exodus 31:18). This corresponds to a fixed reality and the tangible aspect of the Law.
• Spiritual light (wave): Tradition tells that the letters on the Tablets were cut through and could be read from both sides (Exodus 32:15-16). The Midrashim state that the letters were made of Divine light and could hover in the air.
  Sources:

1. Shemot Rabbah (Exodus Rabba) – The Midrash describes the Tablets as an object completely created by Divine power. It mentions that the letters, carved into the stone, were “mirukha” — spiritual, meaning they were not just written but existed in a supernatural manner.
2. Talmud, Tractate Shabbat 104a – It is mentioned that the letters samekh (ס) and mem sofit (ם), which had a fully closed form, hovered in the air inside the Tablets, as the stone in the middle of the letters was not held by any physical means.
3. Zohar – A Kabbalistic text where the nature of the light used to create the letters is described. In the Zohar, the letters are considered projections of Divine light, participating in the creation of the world.

This corresponds to the wave nature of light and quantum uncertainty, which manifests in the spiritual aspect of the Torah. Thus, the Tablets combine both physical definiteness and spiritual ambiguity, similar to how a quantum object can manifest as both a wave and a particle.

2. Wave Function Collapse and the Giving of the Torah

The moment of the giving of the Torah can be interpreted as the collapse of the wave function. Before receiving the Tablets, the people of Israel were in a state of spiritual uncertainty and readiness for revelation. The giving of the Tablets fixed reality into a new state — the Law and Divine order. Just as in quantum mechanics, where observation causes the collapse of the wave function, the receiving of the Torah led to the “collapse” of spiritual potential into a fixed state of the Covenant.

3. Entanglement of the Tablets and the People of Israel

Quantum entanglement means that two objects are connected in such a way that the change in one instantly affects the other, regardless of distance. The Tablets create entanglement between God and the people of Israel. The acceptance of the Tablets binds the people to the Divine reality. This entanglement persists even when the people physically distance themselves from Sinai. Any deviation from the Law affects the spiritual state of the people (e.g., the sin of the Golden Calf).

4. Decoherence and the Breaking of the Tablets

When Moses broke the first Tablets due to the sin of the Golden Calf (Exodus 32:19), this can be seen as decoherence. Decoherence in quantum mechanics is the loss of coherence in a system, transitioning from an ordered state to a chaotic one. The breaking of the Tablets symbolizes the loss of spiritual coherence caused by sin. The people transitioned from a state of spiritual unity to spiritual fragmentation and chaos.

5. The Second Tablets and the Restoration of Coherence

When Moses received the second Tablets (Exodus 34:1), the coherence was restored. The second Tablets symbolize the restoration of spiritual order after the chaos. However, unlike the first Tablets, the second Tablets were made by Moses’ hands, which reflects the necessity of human participation in restoring the spiritual connection. This can be compared to the process of restarting a quantum system to restore coherence.

The Tablets of the Covenant in the Context of Quantum Mechanics

The Tablets of the Covenant, in the context of quantum mechanics, represent:

• Duality: Wave and Particle Nature (spiritual light and material stone)
• Wave Function Collapse: Fixation of spiritual potential in the law of the Torah
• Quantum Entanglement: The inseparable connection between God and the people of Israel
• Decoherence: The breaking of the Tablets due to sin and the loss of spiritual order
• Restoration of Coherence: The second Tablets as a restoration of connection with the Divine.

Thus, the Tablets symbolize a complex and multilayered reality in which physical, spiritual, and quantum dimensions intertwine.

Manna

Properties of Manna and Its Quantum Interpretations

Manna appeared every morning and disappeared if it was left until the next day, except on Shabbat (Exodus 16:21-24). This behavior resembles the collapse of the wave function. In the morning, manna “materializes” as a result of the act of observation—when the people go out to collect it. At night, if it is not used, manna returns to a state of uncertainty or superposition, disintegrating or disappearing. Manna can exist in a quantum state, transitioning from an uncertain state to a fixed state upon interaction with the observer (the gatherers). Each person gathered exactly one portion (omer) per soul (Exodus 16:16-18), regardless of how much they collected. This is similar to quantum discreteness. Manna exists in quantized units (fixed portions) that cannot be divided or altered. The portion of manna for each individual may result from a quantum distribution, depending on their personal wave function or spiritual state.

Manna had the taste of any desired dish (Midrash Tanhuma, Exodus 16). Manna remains in a state of superposition of all possible flavors until the moment of observation (or consumption). When a person consumes manna, their intention or thought causes the collapse of the wave function, determining a specific taste. This phenomenon can be compared to how a quantum particle assumes a definite state upon measurement. Manna collected on Friday did not spoil on Shabbat, even though it would spoil overnight on ordinary days (Exodus 16:23-24). On Shabbat, decoherence is paused. In quantum mechanics, decoherence is the process by which a system loses its quantum properties due to interaction with the environment. On Shabbat, the surrounding reality changes at the level of the spiritual field, allowing manna to maintain its state longer.

Manna as a Manifestation of Spiritual Energy

Property: Manna is described as “spiritual food,” descending from heaven and nourishing not only the body but also the soul.

Quantum Interpretation: Manna can be seen as a form of quantum field transformed into material substance. This field may contain spiritual energy, which manifests as material food only under specific conditions. Just as energy can be converted into matter according to Einstein’s equation, manna may result from the materialization of spiritual energy. Manna symbolizes the fusion of the spiritual and material, similar to how a quantum particle can be both a wave and a particle. Just as in quantum mechanics, where the outcome depends on the observer, manna changes according to the inner state of the person. Collecting manna requires trust in Divine provision. This trust influences the perception and properties of the manna, just as the observer influences the quantum system.

All of these properties underscore that manna is not just physical food but a quantum-spiritual phenomenon, reflecting the interaction between material reality, spiritual energy, and human consciousness.

Amalek

Amalek plays a part in the events following the Exodus and has profound spiritual and quantum interpretations.

Torah Text: The event is described in the Book of Exodus (17:8-16): “And Amalek came and fought with Israel in Rephidim… Moses went up on the hill, and as long as his hands were raised, Israel prevailed. When Moses’ hands dropped, Amalek began to prevail. In the end, Joshua (Joshua) defeated Amalek, but God swore that there would be war with Amalek ‘from generation to generation.'”

In Jewish tradition, Amalek symbolizes doubt, randomness, and chaos. The word “Amalek” shares the same gematria as the word “sofeq” (ספק) — doubt (numerical value 240). Amalek opposes Divine order, representing forces that seek to destroy the harmony and spiritual connection between the people of Israel and God. The struggle against Amalek is an eternal battle between order and chaos, between certainty and doubt.

Amalek symbolizes decoherence — the process of destroying the quantum coherence (order) of a system. When the people of Israel walk the path of spiritual growth and fixed Divine order, Amalek intervenes, creating a chaotic state and disrupting the connection with the higher light. Moses’ raised hands can be seen as “spiritual observation,” maintaining coherence and securing victory over chaos. When Moses’ hands lowered, it led to a weakening of observation, and the system collapsed into a state of chaos and doubt (Israel’s defeat). The people of Israel and Divine order are in a state of quantum entanglement (connection). Amalek tries to destroy this entanglement by creating a rupture in the spiritual connection, leading to a state of spiritual entropy (chaos). Amalek acts through randomness and probabilities, corresponding to quantum uncertainty. The battle with Amalek is a struggle for certainty and order, where the choice of the people of Israel plays a crucial role in the collapse of the wave function towards victory.

The battle against Amalek symbolizes the ongoing struggle with chaos, doubt, and spiritual entropy. Just as Moses served as an observer maintaining order, so too must each person be a spiritual observer, fixing the Divine reality in the world. Spiritual work involves maintaining quantum coherence (connection with the Divine), despite the intervention of chaotic forces. Victory over Amalek depends on the collective choice of the people of Israel. Their faith and actions determine the state in which the spiritual reality collapses.

The topic of Amalek adds the following important aspects to our discussion of the Exodus and the giving of the Torah:

• Amalek as a symbol of chaos and decoherence.
• The role of Moses as a spiritual observer maintaining order.
• The quantum struggle between order and chaos.
• The necessity of constant choice and faith to maintain spiritual coherence.

These ideas connect the historical event to deep concepts in quantum mechanics and spiritual reality, showing that the struggle with Amalek is an eternal battle for order and connection with the Divine light. The victory over Amalek is indeed the last significant event before the revelation at Sinai. Let us now examine how this event serves as a spiritual and quantum barrier that had to be overcome in order to achieve readiness for receiving the Torah.

Sequence of events:

Rephidim — the place where the battle with Amalek occurred (Exodus 17:8-16). The next stop — Mount Sinai (Exodus 19:1). Therefore, the battle with Amalek is the final trial before approaching Mount Sinai and receiving the Torah. In order to be ready to accept the Divine order at Sinai, the people of Israel needed to overcome the forces that seek to destroy this connection. Amalek acts as a force of decoherence, disrupting the spiritual coherence of the people. The victory over Amalek is the restoration of quantum coherence, when the people become a unified whole, ready for the Sinai revelation.

Before the victory over Amalek, the people were in a state of spiritual uncertainty. The victory led to the collapse of the wave function into a state of full readiness to receive the Torah. This signifies the fixation of the spiritual state in which the people could perceive the Divine revelation. In quantum mechanics, a particle can overcome an energy barrier through tunneling. The battle with Amalek is the overcoming of the last spiritual barrier necessary to reach a new energy level — the revelation at Sinai. The battle with Amalek shows that in order to perceive the higher light, one must overcome doubt and chaos. The victory over Amalek requires the unity of the people. Only in a state of unity and spiritual coherence was the people ready to receive the Torah.

Thus: The Exodus was most likely a symbiosis of physical and quantum processes. The people could have been in a state of superposition, existing simultaneously in multiple places or states of reality until their positions were fixed. Just as in quantum tunneling a particle overcomes a barrier, so too could the Israelites “skip” through the desert, bypassing physical limitations. Their movement could have been instantaneous, with the fixation in a new location occurring as needed, when required for the fulfillment of their mission.

דַּ֣אתֶם רְאִיתֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשִׂ֖יתִי לְמִצְרָ֑יִם וָֽאֶשֵּׂ֤א אֶתְכֶם֙ עַל־כַּנְפֵ֣י נְשָׁרִ֔ים וָֽאָבִ֥א אֶתְכֶ֖ם
Shmot (Exodus) 19:4:
“You have seen what I did to Egypt, and how I bore you on eagles’ wings and brought you to Myself.”

 

 

Footnote 1.
Definition of Quantum Entanglement (Scientific)
Quantum entanglement is a phenomenon in quantum mechanics where two or more particles become interconnected in such a way that the state of one particle automatically determines the state of the other, regardless of the distance between them.

Key characteristics of quantum entanglement:

• Correlation of States:
  If two particles are entangled, measuring one particle instantly affects the state of the other, even if they are separated by vast distances.
• Indivisibility in Description:
  Entangled particles cannot be described independently of one another; their states are tied together in a single system.
• Violation of Local Realism:
  Quantum entanglement contradicts the intuitive notion of locality, where interactions are limited by the speed of light. In entangled systems, a change in one particle instantly affects the other, as demonstrated by experiments (e.g., the Aspect experiment).
• Superposition Effect:
  Entangled particles can exist in a superposition of states until measurement, at which point their states “collapse” into a definite value.
• Application in Technology:
  Quantum entanglement forms the basis for technologies like quantum computers, quantum cryptography, and quantum teleportation.
• Example of Entanglement:
  If two particles are entangled such that one has a spin “up” and the other “down”, measuring the spin of one particle immediately determines the spin of the other, even if they are at opposite ends of the universe.

 

Footnote 2.
Quotes for the Above Concept
Quotes from the Torah explaining the concept of quantum tunneling in the Exodus, to better connect scientific ideas with the text of Scripture.

Mitzraim (Egypt) represents an energetic barrier, encompassing physical, psychological, and spiritual limitations.

• Physical Barrier:
  The Egyptian Empire was powerful and strictly controlled the slaves.
  “And they set taskmasters over them to afflict them with their burdens… But the more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and grew.”
  (Exodus 1:11-12)
• Psychological Barrier:
  Long years of slavery formed in the Jews a consciousness of dependence and oppression.
  “And the children of Israel cried out because of the bondage, and their cry came up to God because of the bondage.”
  (Exodus 2:23)
• Spiritual Barrier:
  Egypt was steeped in idolatry, concealing the divine unity.
  “And I will pass judgment on all the gods of Egypt, I am the Lord.”
  (Exodus 12:12)

 

Mechanism of Quantum Tunneling in the Exodus

• Light and Wave Function:
  The Jews maintained a hidden potential for freedom. Their liberation was embedded in their spiritual wave function.
  “And the Lord said to Moses: I will bring you out from under the burdens of Egypt, and I will deliver you from their bondage; and I will redeem you with an outstretched arm and with great judgments.”
  (Exodus 6:6)
• Passover as a Moment of Measurement:
  The ritual of the paschal lamb sacrifice and the anointing of the doorposts became an act of fixing their readiness for freedom.
  “And they shall take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and on the lintel of the houses in which they eat it.”
  (Exodus 12:7)
  This ritual can be seen as the moment when the Jews collapsed their state into the reality of freedom.
• Divine Intervention — The Ten Plagues:
  Each plague weakened the Egyptian barrier, dismantling the system of oppression.
  “And the Lord said to Moses: Now you shall see what I will do to Pharaoh; for with a strong hand he will let them go, and with a strong hand he will drive them out of his land.”
  (Exodus 6:1)

Examples of Key Plagues that Contributed to the Breaking of the Bond:

• Darkness:
  “And there was thick darkness over all the land of Egypt for three days… But all the children of Israel had light in their dwellings.”
  (Exodus 10:22-23)
• Death of the Firstborn:
  “And there was a great cry throughout all the land of Egypt… But against all the children of Israel not a dog shall growl.”
  (Exodus 11:6-7)
• The Parting of the Red Sea (Yam Suf):
  Passing through the sea became the final tunneling through the barrier.
  “And Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and the Lord caused the sea to go back by a strong east wind all that night, and made the sea into dry land, and the waters were divided.”
  (Exodus 14:21-22)
• Destruction of the Egyptian Army:
  The Egyptians, who tried to follow the Jews, drowned in the sea, symbolizing the final break in the entanglement.
  “And the waters returned and covered the chariots and the horsemen… not one of them remained.”
  (Exodus 14:28)